Case report: 29-year-old male with Hemichorea-hemiballismus as the initial manifestation caused by cerebral Toxoplasmosis with diagnostic of HIV without treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.31157/an.v28i3.429Keywords:
Hemiballismus, Hemichorea, Toxoplasmosis, HIVAbstract
Background: The hemichorea and hemiballismus are movement disorder rare related to toxoplasmosis gondii infection in patients with HIV.
Objective: Describe the case of a male patient know as HIV positive without antiretroviral treatment with first manifestation was right side hemichorea-hemiballism.
Material and Methods: Case report.
Results: 29-year-old male known to have HIV for 4 years, without antiretroviral treatment. He went to the emergency room presenting involuntary movements in the right side of his body that sedate when sleeping. On neurological examination appear to be normal; only with the presence of abnormal movements characterized by non-rhythmic, large-amplitude, violent and sometimes choreiform movements in the right side of the body. In a brain MRI study in T1 sequence with contrast, he presented a lesion that captures contrast medium in the form of a closed ring at the level of the left basal nucleus. He receives treatment for toxoplasmosis with trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole and pyrimethamine- clindamycin. The hemichorea- hemiballism was treated with haloperidol, aripiprazole, clonazepam, having clinical and radiological improvement.
Conclusion: The hemichorea- hemiballism is a neurological manifestation unfrequently related to toxoplasmosis HIV positive. Treatment for toxoplasmosis, movement disorder, and antiretroviral therapy should be started promptly.
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September 2022-present © Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez. Open access articles under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. No commercial re-use is allowed.
January-September 2022 © The authors. Open access articles under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. No commercial re-use is allowed.
January 2014-December 2021 © Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez. Open access articles under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) license, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
