Primitive cerebral melanoma. Case report and literature review

Abstract

Statistically, intracranial malignant melanoma in the population is approximately 0.005 cases / 100 000, with a prevalence towards the male population. Principles have been described to the approach for diagnosis and surgical and oncologic treatments. We present a case report of a man 39-year-old, with evolution characterized by headache, lateralization gait, dysmetria, dysdiadochokinesia, truncal ataxia and Romberg. Starting the diagnostic protocol is identified by MRI the presence of a lesion in the right posterior fossa, with significant edema. That is why it is scheduled for surgical management, achieving total resection of the lesion and subsequent report by the Clinical Pathology Service as melanoma. Immunohistochemistry tests being positive S100 and HMB 45 in the extension studies for ophthalmology, dermatology and gastroenterology with conducting Panendoscopy was not possible to find another source of tumor growth. The study of positron emission tomography showed no positivity across the previously known save intracranial growth. Conclusion: patterns of diagnosis of melanoma of the central nervous system make it essential to thoroughly investigate possible sites of origin and rule out metastatic lesions; regarding the management, consider total ablation wherever possible and the use of aggregate cancer therapy.