Neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia: concept, pathophysiology, clinic, and therapeutics

Authors

  • Juan Camilo Suárez-Escudero Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana. Universidad CES. Instituto Tecnológico Metropolitano.
  • Karla Sofia Lema Porto Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
  • Daniela Palacio Patiño Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
  • Manuela Izquierdo Moreno Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana
  • Claudia Liliana Bedoya Londoño Escuela de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Pontificia Bolivariana

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31157/an.v27i4.347

Keywords:

Deglución, Patología clínica, Sistema nervioso central, Sistema Nervioso Periférico, Trastornos de la deglución, Neurología

Abstract

the act of swallowing goes beyond a mechanical phenomenon. It is a highly complex process, elaborated and modeled by various levels of the nervous system. Its alteration is a direct consequence or associated complication of several pathologies, where oropharyngeal dysphagia stands out due to functional etiology of neurological and neuromuscular origin. The objective is to update the knowledge about the fundamentals and concept of neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia, and to provide clinically useful information on its main causes. Neurological disorders are responsible for 70% to 80% of the etiology of oropharyngeal dysphagia. It is mainly caused by stroke, Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and head trauma. Conclusions: Neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia results from lesions anywhere in the central circuits and structures between the cerebral cortex and the peripheral components of swallowing, and the physiological deficits are varied. The conceptual, pathophysiological, and clinical characteristics understanding of the main causes of neurogenic dysphagia help healthcare teams to carry out timely detection, diagnosis, treatment, and rehabilitation actions.

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Published

2022-05-26

How to Cite

Suárez-Escudero, J. C., Lema Porto, K. S., Palacio Patiño, D., Izquierdo Moreno, M., & Bedoya Londoño, C. L. (2022). Neurogenic oropharyngeal dysphagia: concept, pathophysiology, clinic, and therapeutics. Archivos De Neurociencias, 27(4). https://doi.org/10.31157/an.v27i4.347

Issue

Section

Evidence synthesis

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