Physiological mechanisms and its effects on the brain in cognitive function and school achievement

Abstract

Current evidence indicates that regular physical exercise impacts physical and cognitive performance. Although some mechanisms are still missing for a better understanding, the hippocampal neurogenesis associated with functional and structural neuronal changes would be responsible for the effects of exercise on cognition. In children and teenagers these cognitive effects could lead to an improved school performance and prevent or delay declines in memory at later ages. The aim of this paper is to understand the mechanisms underlying the effects of physical exercise applied to the cognitive functions and their impact on academic performance. In conclusion, there is evidence supporting the idea that physical exercise triggers processes that facilitate neuronal plasticity. It generates positive effects not only on various cognitive functions, but also it can improve the academic performance definitively.