Guillan-Barre syndrome triggered by heat stroke: clinical case and literature review

Authors

  • Juan Carlos López-Hernández Departamento de Urgencias Neurológicas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3419-5160
  • Lilia Salas Alvarado Departamento de Urgencias Neurológicas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez
  • Victoria Martínez Angeles Departamento de Neuropsiquiatría, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez https://orcid.org/0009-0002-4823-1556
  • Elma Paredes Aragon Departamento de Urgencias Neurológicas, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suarez https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2505-8052
  • Edwin Steven Vargas Cañas Clínica de Enfermedades Neuromusculares, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Dr. Manuel Velasco Suarez https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7156-8275

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.31157/an.v29i2.517

Keywords:

Guillain-Barré syndrome, heat stroke, Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: Guillain-Barre syndrome is triggered in 70% of cases by some infectious agent. Heat stroke favors a pro-inflammatory state and endotoxemia at the gastrointestinal level. Few clinical cases of GBS following heat stroke are reported.

Objective: to report a clinical case of a patient who presented GBS after heat stroke.

Material and methods: clinical case report

Result: a 31-year-old male patient in agricultural occupation, presented heat stroke due to exertion while working (temperature 40ºC, epileptic seizures and drowsiness), requiring invasive mechanical ventilation, control of hyperthermia with physical means; presents good evolution, recovering and being discharged at home. On the day of his discharge, he presented symptoms of distal paresthesia and weakness in the 4 extremities ascending until he could not ambulate. In the examination without involvement of skull nerves, areflexia, strength in extremities with MRC score 28 points. Lumbar puncture with protein-cytological dissociation, nerve conduction compatible with AMSAN variant. He was diagnosed with GBS (level 1 of diagnostic certainty by Brighton criteria) after heat stroke, received management with human immunoglobulin, at 3 months of follow-up he recovered his independent gait.

Conclusion: Heat stroke is a potentially fatal condition, triggering a systemic pro-inflammatory state and endotoxemia at the gastrointestinal level, conditions that can facilitate the presentation of autoimmune inflammatory diseases such as Guillaín-Barre syndrome. More studies are required to establish the pathophysiology of GBS after heat stroke.

References

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Published

2023-08-03

How to Cite

López-Hernández, J. C., Salas Alvarado, L., Martínez Angeles, V., Paredes Aragon, E., & Vargas Cañas, E. S. (2023). Guillan-Barre syndrome triggered by heat stroke: clinical case and literature review. Archivos De Neurociencias, 29(2). https://doi.org/10.31157/an.v29i2.517

Issue

Section

Case report

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